Sustaining the Liveliness of Public Spaces in El Houma through Placemaking The Case of Algiers
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Published:
Jan 31, 2020
Keywords:
placemaking el Houma social use of urban space liveliness Algiers
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Abstract
This paper takes Algiers as a case study, highlighting the social use of urban spaces in El Houma, in the Algerian capital, as a form of placemaking, a people-centred approach aimed at improving urban spaces within a neighbourhood.
El Houma is a word for neighbourhood in North Africa synonymous with Hara and Mahalla in the Middle East. El Houma is not a typical neighbourhood that only houses people, it is a socio-spatial product formed by social relations between residents of the same neighbourhood. It is, therefore, a way of representing urban space though social practices, creating a strong sense of community, a sense of place and social interaction.
Based on theories and mapping techniques from urban sociology and urban design, the research applies a methodology of activity mapping, in order to investigate patterns of outdoor social activities in public spaces and their correlation with the physical design of the neighbourhood. The research will measure the liveliness of public spaces exploring how people adapted their lifestyle to the built environment and vice versa. The findings demonstrate how the different social activities are spatially distributed, and their impact on the liveliness of el Houma.
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How to Cite
Khemri, M. Y., Melis, A. and Caputo, S. (2020) “Sustaining the Liveliness of Public Spaces in El Houma through Placemaking: The Case of Algiers”, The Journal of Public Space, 5(1), pp. 129–152. doi: 10.32891/jps.v5i1.1254.
Section
Society
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Dixon, T., & Woodcraft, S. (2013). Creating strong communities: measuring social sustainability in new housing development. Town and Country Planning Journal, (November), 473–480.
Dris, N. (2005). Urban forms , meanings and representations : the interference of models. Espaces et Societes, (122).
Fatani, K., Mohamed, M., & Al-Khateeb, S. (2017). Sustainable Socio-cultural Guidelines for Neighborhood Design in Jeddah. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 37, 584–593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2017.03.045.
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Gehl, J. (1987) Life between Buildings: Using Public Space. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
Gehl, J. (2010). Cities for People. Washington D.C: Island Press.
Gehl, J and Savarre, B. (2013) How to study public life. Island Press.
Gentz, N. Kramer, S. 2006. Globalization, Cultural Identities, and Media Representations. State university of New York press
Ghahramanpouri, A., Lamit, H., & Sedaghatnia, S. (2013). Urban social sustainability trends in research literature. Asian Social Science, 9(4), 185–193. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v9n4p185.
Grabar, H. S. (2013). Reclaiming the city: Changing urban meaning in Algiers after 1962. Cultural Geographies, 21(3), 389–409. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474474013506361.
Grangaud, I. (2009) Masking and unmasking the historic quarters of Algiers: the reassessment of an archive. In Celik, Z. Clancy-Smith, J,A. & Terpak, F. (Ed). Walls of Algiers: Narratives of the City Through Text and Image. University of Washington Press.
Grangaud, I. (2013). The Hawma : the processes of disqualification of an Ottoman institution ( Algiers 1830 ). Insaniyat / تﺎﯿﻧﺎﺴﻧإ, 1–18.
Groat, L. and Wang, D. (2002) Architectural research methods. New York, US: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Grube, E, J. (1978). Architecture of the Islamic World: Its History and Social Meaning. in Michell, G. (ed). London: Thames & Hudson.
HACT (2015). Social sustainability: A white paper for your housing group. ideas and innovation in housing.
Hallman, h. w. (1984), Neighbourhoods: Their Place in Urban Life, Beverly Hills, CA, Sage Publications.
Hemphill, L., Berry, J., & McGreal, S. (2004). An indicator-based approach to measuring sustainable urban regeneration performance: Part 1, conceptual foundations and methodological framework. Urban Studies, 41(4), 725–755. https://doi.org/10.1080/0042098042000194089.
Icheboudene, L. (2002). De la houma à la cité: une evolution historique de l'espace Algerois. Revue Algerienne Des Sciences Juridiques, Economiques et Politiques, (40).
Jacobs, J. (1961). The death and life of great American cities. New York: Random House.
Jenks, M., & Dempsey, N. (2007). Defining the neighbourhood. Town Planning Review, 78(2), 153–178. https://doi.org/10.3828/tpr.78.2.4.
Kobis, R. (2017). al-Madīnah or la ville ? An architectural & urban “ clash of civilizations ” – the example of the city of Algiers. Urban Development Issues, 54, 27–34. https://doi.org/10.1515/udi-2017-0009.
Kohon, J. (2018). Social inclusion in the sustainable neighborhood? Idealism of urban social sustainability theory complicated by realities of community planning practice. City, Culture and Society, 15(August), 14–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccs.2018.08.005.
Komeily, A., & Srinivasan, R. S. (2015). A need for balanced approach to neighborhood sustainability assessments: A critical review and analysis. Sustainable Cities and Society, 18, 32–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2015.05.004.
Lefebvre, H (1991) The Production ofSpace. Blackwell, Oxford.
Lofland, L. 1998. The Public Realm: Exploring the City’s Quintessential Social Territory. New York: Aldine De Gruyter.
Low, S. 2000. On the Plaza: The Politics of Public Space and Culture. Austin: University of Texas Press.
Luederitz, C., Lang, D. J., & Von Wehrden, H. (2013). A systematic review of guiding principles for sustainable urban neighborhood development. Landscape and Urban Planning, 118, 40–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.06.002.
Lynch, K. 1960. The Image of the City. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Mahdzar, S. S. B. S. (2008) Sociability vs Accessibility Urban Street Life. PhD thesis University College London.
Mahgoub, Y. (2007). Cultural Sustainability and Identity: The Case of Kuwait. The International Journal of Environmental, Cultural, Economic and Social Sustainability, 3(1), 137–144. https://doi.org/10.18848/1832-2077/CGP/v03i01/54307.
Marique, A. F., & Reiter, S. (2011). Towards more sustainable neighbourhoods: Are good practices reproducible and extensible?: A review of a few existing “sustainable neighbourhoods.” PLEA 2011 - Architecture and Sustainable Development, Conference. Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, (July), 27–32. Retrieved from http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84864117654&partnerID=tZOtx3y1.
McMillan, D. W., and D. M. Chavis. 1986. “Sense of Community: A Definition and Theory.” Journal of Community Psychology 14 (1): 6–23.
Meegan, R., & Mitchell, A. (2001). ‘It’s Not Community Round Here, It’s Neighbourhood’: Neighbourhood Change and Cohesion in Urban Regeneration Policies. Urban Studies, Vol. 38(12), 2167–2194.
Mehta, V. (2014). Evaluating Public Space. Journal of Urban Design, Vol. 19, pp. 53–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/13574809.2013.854698.
Mitchell, D. (1995). Mitchell End of Public Space? People’ s Park, Definitions of the Public, and Democracy. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol. 85, pp. 108–133.
Mumford, L. (1937). ‘What is a city?’. Architectural Record, 82, November. Mumford, L. (1954). The neighbourhood and the neighbourhood unit. Town Planning Review, 24, 250–270.
Nadarajah, M & Yamamoto, A, T. (ed) 2007. Urban crisis: Culture and the sustainability of cities. United Nations University Press.
Newman, O. 1972. Defensible Space; Crime Prevention through Urban Design. New York: McMillan.
Perkins, D. D., J. W. Meeks, and R. B. Taylor. (1992) “The Physical Environment of Street Blocks and Resident Perceptions of Crime and Disorder: Implications for Theory and Measurement.” Journal of Environmental Psychology 12 (1), 21– 34.
Perkins, D. D., A. Wandersman, R. C. Rich, and R. B. Taylor. (1993) “The Physical Environment of Street Crime: Defensible Space, Territoriality and Incivilities.” Journal of Environmental Psychology 13 (1), 29–49.
Project for Public Spaces (2007). What is placemaking? Available through https://www.pps.org/article/what-is-placemaking.
Ralph, E. (1976) Place and Placeness. SAGE, London.
Raymond, A. (1998). The Arab city, Aleppo, at the Ottoman era - The spatial structure of the city. Ifpo Presses, 1–25.
Ritchie, A. and Thomas, R. (2008). Sustainable urban design. Taylor & Francis.
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